How does TMS work?

TMS operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction. An electromagnetic coil, positioned precisely over the scalp, generates rapidly changing magnetic fields that penetrate the skull without resistance. These magnetic fields induce small electrical currents in underlying brain tissue.

The target is typically the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a region consistently showing reduced activity in depression. The magnetic pulses cause neurons to fire, essentially 'exercising' this underactive brain region.

Over the course of 4-6 weeks of daily treatments, this repeated stimulation leads to neuroplastic changes - the brain's ability to reorganize and form new neural connections. These changes can restore normal activity patterns in mood-regulating circuits.

The treatment parameters are carefully calibrated: pulse frequency (typically 10 Hz), intensity (relative to your motor threshold), and duration (usually 3,000 pulses per session). These settings determine the therapeutic effect while maintaining safety.